Oleh: OTONG SETIAWAN DJUHARIE
SUBJUNCTIVE
Ø IF ONLY = JIKA SAJA
Ø WISH = HARAP
Ø AS IF = SEOLAH-OLAH
Ø WHAT IF = BAGAIMANA JIKA
Ø WOULD RATHER = LEBIH SUKA/ SENANG JIKA
Ø IT’S HIGH TIME = SUDAH SAATNYA
a. DALAM SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD SETIAP OBJEK SETELAH SUBJUNCTIVE WOOD MENGGUNAKAN TOBE “WERE” ( HE ALWAYS SING AS IF HE WERE A SINGE)
b. SETELAH SUBJUNCITE MOOD USE V2 ( IF ONLY WE WENT TO BEACH)
A. SUBJUNCIVE “ WISH”
- KEINGINAN PADA WAKTU KINI ( SAAT PEMBICARAAN BERLANGSUNG) = WISH, DLM BENTUK PRESENT
- ANGAN- ANGAN = FAST FUTURE
- KEADAAN AKAN DATANG = PAST CONTINOUS
a. FUTURE
S 1 + WISH (THAT) + SUBJECT 2 + ( WOULD, COULD WERE + VING)
EX: WE WISH THAT YOU COULD COME TO THE PARTY TO NIGHT
b. PRESENT
S 1 + WISH (THAT) + SUBJECT 2 + V2/WERE
EX: THEY WISH THAT THEY WENT TO SCHOOL
KEINGINAN YANG DI UCAPKAN SEKARANG YANG BERSIPAT ANGAN –ANGAN
S 1 + WISH (THAT) + SUBJECT 2 + (Could, have V3, had V3)
Ex; I WISH THAT YOU HAD COME HERE YESTERDAY
c. PAST
S 1 + WISHED (THAT) + SUBJECT 2 + HAD V3/COULD HAVE V3
KEINGINAN PADA WAKTU LAMPAU (WISHED) DIIKUTI PAST PERFECT
EX; SHE WISHED THAT SHE HAD HAD MORE TIME LAST NIGHT
B. SUBJUCTIVE AS IF/ AS THOUGH
As if atau as though memiliki pengertian “ seolah-olah” atau ‘pura- puranya”
a. Present
S 1+ V PRESENT + AS IF/ AS THOUGH + SUBJECT2 + V PAST ( V2/ WERE)
EX; THE OLD LADY DRESSES AS IF IT WERE WINTER NOW EVEN IN SUMMER
b. Past
S1 + VERB PAST + AS IF/ASTHOUGH + S2 +PAST PERFECT (HAD V3/BEEN)
EX; JIM LOOKED AS IF HE HAD SEEN A GOST
C. SUBJUNCTIVE IF ONLY
If only memiliki arti “ andai saja”
Kalimat yang mengikuti if only harus dinyatakan dalam simple past untuk merujuk pada apa yang ada/terjdi dan past perfect untuk merujuk pada apa yang sudah berlalu.
If only + S +V2/were + ket. Waktu kini
If only + S + had V3/been + ket waktu lampau.
Ex,
- if only it, were winter now
- if only jony had gone to class yesterday
D. SUBJUNCTIVE WOULD RATHER ( LEBIH SUKA)
Kalimat yang mengikuti would rather harus dinyatakan dalam bentuk simple past untuk menunjukan waktu sekarang dan waktu sudah berlalu, past perfect
a. Present; S1+ WOULD RATHER +S 2+ V2/WERE + KET. LAMPAU
EX; RATU WOULD RATHER IT WERE WINTER NOW
b. PAST: S 1 +WOUL RATHER + S 2 + HAD V3/BEEN + KET. WAKTU LAMPAU
EX; JIM WOULD RATHER THAT JIL HAD GONE TO CLASS YESTERDAY.
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